From January 1990 to December 2000, 210 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma located between 0 and 10 cm from anal verge with invasion into perirectal fat, tethered or fixed to the pelvis, diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) scan and/or rectal ultrasound were included. All patients received 45 Gy + bolus infusion of 5-FU (450 mg/m2/days 1–5, 28–33 of RT) 4–8 weeks after surgery was performed. Specimens were mapped and sliced. Lymph nodes were studied under clearing or manual techniques. Five-year survival was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and comparison of groups with log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to find risk factors affecting local control and survival..

there are no clinical studies available demonstrating a transfusion of in.

There have been many studies comparing the effect of different opioids on acute post-operative pain. No previous study has compared oxycodone and fentanyl in PCA. We showed that oxycodone group needed less cumulative PCA doses compared to fentanyl group, while analgesic effects were not different..

As expected, the concentrations of soluble forms of adhesion molecules in all groups of obese women were significantly higher than these achieved in the lean control, but the highest ones were observed in the type 2 diabetes mellitus group. In patients with impaired fasting glucose their concentrations reach values higher than in the NFG subgroup, but the increase was not statistically significant. The positive correlation between the concentrations of glucose and sICAM-1 was noted only in T2DM group. This is consistent with the observations of Ziccardi et al. [42] who emphasize the role of high glucose levels in an intensification of adhesion molecules expression. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between HOMA-IR and the concentrations of E-selectin, in T2DM subgroup. This correlation is especially significant, since E-selectin synthesized de novo by the endothelium activating factors, is a molecule expressed only by endothelial cells. Similar results were obtained in the multiple regression analysis carried out in the whole group of obese women. Thus, the results obtained in this study may, in some extent, reflect the relationship between the severity of endothelial dysfunction, glycemic status and insulin resistance degree. Similar observations were performed by Song et al. [43]. It was pointed in other research that an increase in sICAM-1 and E-selectin levels is most pronounced in patients with T2DM [44]. Also Mizia-Stec et al. [45] noted higher levels of E-selectin in patients with stable coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, in a nested case-control substudy within the prospective Nurses' Health Study revealed that high concentrations of E-selectin and sICAM-1 are the independent predictors for development of T2DM in non-diabetic women [46]. More importantly, the levels of E-selectin in the prospective studies proved to be a stronger predictor of T2DM than sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 [47]. Additionally, an increase in serum levels of E-selectin allows to predict cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes [48]. In turn, the reverse correlation between the concentrations of sICAM-1, E-selectin and HDL-cholesterol demonstrated in T2DM group should be mainly associated with protective effect of HDL-cholesterol on the endothelial function confirmed in numerous in vitro and in vivo studies [49,50]. Another observed association in the T2DM subgroup was a positive correlation between the triglycerides and sVCAM-1 levels. It is consistent with recent research by Wang et al. [51], which showed that circulating triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress modulate the expression of adhesion molecules, in particular VCAM-1, which plays an important role in the development of endothelial inflammation. Gustavson et al. [52] pointed out that high levels of glucose and cholesterol are an important factor stimulating the expression of VCAM-1 in retinal vessels in ApoE-/-mice. In turn, Ghoneim et al. [53] demonstrated that an increase in sICAM and sVCAM concentrations is closely related to the development of neuropathy, nephropathy or retinopathy in patients with DM. Metabolic disturbances in diabetes play an important role in the development of endothelial dysfunction and contribute to the creation of complications such as micro-and macroangiopathy [54]. The relationship between VCAM-1 expression in the endothelium of carotid artery and atherosclerosis plaque progression and the occurrence of coronary artery disease (CAD) was demonstrated in animal model studies [55].. Scatter of difference of Hb values estimated by HC201 and Reference test against true Hb values provided by the reference test.. span. . blood glucose levels decreased by ~21% compared to sedentary db/db mice. choking or pulling hair and may